The Art Gallery of New South Wales Research Library and Archive collection dates from the foundation of the New South Wales Academy of Art in 1871. Established as a resource for the professional staff of the Gallery, the Library is used to research works of art in the collection and proposed acquisitions, to prepare for exhibitions and educational activities, and to answer public enquiries. As a consequence the Library reflects the strengths of the Gallery’s collection, with an historical emphasis on Australian and British art. Extensive collections of contemporary art, Asian art and photography have been acquired in recent years. Since it opened to the public in 1988 its valuable collections have been used by art scholars and curators, artists, art dealers, the media, students and the public.

The Library now houses 44,000 monographic titles, 1,200 journal titles, 23,000 art auction catalogues (dating from 1960) and electronic resources such as CD-ROMs and databases. With its long and continuous collecting history, the Library has amassed many rare and unique items. The ephemera files documenting Australian art and artists now comprise over three quarters of a million items beginning with early exhibition catalogues and pamphlets through to catalogues and reviews of current shows. Kept since the inception of the Gallery, the press clippings on the arts are an equally invaluable primary source. Other useful resources include extensive files on art societies, competitions and prizes, and art institutions.